A FET-based biosensor or gas sensor employs a field-effect transistor (FET) as the primary sensing element, where the electrical conductivity of the FET channel changes in response to the interaction of target molecules with a specially designed surface. In biosensing applications, the target molecules are typically biomolecules, whereas in gas sensing, the target molecules are gas species. The binding of these molecules induces a shift in the electrical properties of the FET channel, enabling highly sensitive detection of specific analytes by measuring changes in the current flow through the channel.

The Smart Biosensor Lab focuses on the development of highly responsive conducting pathways by effectively assembling semiconducting nanomaterials for both biosensors and gas sensors. By integrating advanced nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and metal oxide nanoparticles into the FET architecture, the lab aims to enhance signal transduction efficiency and sensitivity. The strategic design and functionalization of the sensing surface enable selective and rapid detection of target molecules, advancing the performance of FET-based biosensors and gas sensors in real-world applications.